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以下是一些编程问题及其解答和示例代码:
问题描述:某公司电话分机号为3位数,要求满足降序排列且无重复数字。例如:751,520,321符合要求,而766,918,201则不符合。计算满足条件的分机号总数。
解答:通过三重循环,计算满足条件的排列组合数。具体来说,首先选择第一个数字(9-0),然后第二个数字必须小于第一个数字且不重复,最后第三个数字必须小于第二个数字且不重复。最终计算得出总数为120。
示例代码:
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { int count = 0; for(int a = 0; a < 10; a++) { for(int b = 0; b < 10; b++) { for(int c = 0; c < 10; c++) { if(a > b && b > c) { count++; } } } } System.out.println(count); }} 问题描述:在五星图案的10个节点中填入数字1-12,排除7和11。要求每条直线上的数字和相等,且旋转或镜像后相同的算同一种填法。计算满足条件的填法总数。
解答:通过深度优先搜索(DFS)遍历所有可能的填数方式,剪枝排除不符合条件的解。最终计算得出满足条件的填法总数为12。
示例代码:
public class Main { public static int count = 0; public void swap(int[] A, int i, int j) { int temp = A[i]; A[i] = A[j]; A[j] = temp; } public void check(int[] A) { int sum1 = A[0] + A[2] + A[5] + A[8]; int sum2 = A[0] + A[3] + A[6] + A[9]; int sum3 = A[1] + A[2] + A[3] + A[4]; int sum4 = A[1] + A[5] + A[7] + A[9]; int sum5 = A[4] + A[6] + A[7] + A[8]; if(sum1 == sum2 && sum1 == sum3 && sum1 == sum4 && sum1 == sum5) { count++; } else { return; } } public void dfs(int[] A, int step) { if(step == A.length) { check(A); return; } else { for(int i = step; i < A.length; i++) { swap(A, i, step); dfs(A, step + 1); swap(A, i, step); } } } public static void main(String[] args) { Main test = new Main(); int[] A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12}; test.dfs(A, 0); System.out.println(count / 10); }} 问题描述:编写一个类似Excel的程序,支持三种公式(SUM、AVG、STD)。输入一个n行m列的表格,计算每个格子的值。公式要求不会出现嵌套,且输入保证不会有循环依赖。
解答:通过解析公式,逐个计算每个格子的值。对于每个公式,分别实现求和、平均和标准差的计算方法。最终输出每个格子的保留两位小数的结果。
示例代码:
import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Scanner;public class Main { public static int n, m; public static double[][] value; public double getSum(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { double sum = 0; for(int i = x1; i <= x2; i++) { for(int j = y1; j <= y2; j++) { sum += value[i][j]; } } return sum; } public double getAvg(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { int count = Math.abs((x2 - x1 + 1) * (y2 - y1 + 1)); double avg = getSum(x1, y1, x2, y2) / count; return avg; } public double getStd(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { int count = Math.abs((x2 - x1 + 1) * (y2 - y1 + 1)); double avg = getAvg(x1, y1, x2, y2); double result = 0; for(int i = x1; i <= x2; i++) { for(int j = y1; j <= y2; j++) { result += (value[i][j] - avg) * (value[i][j] - avg); } } result = Math.sqrt(result / count); return result; } public boolean check(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { boolean judge = true; for(int i = x1; i <= x2; i++) { if(!judge) break; for(int j = y1; j <= y2; j++) { if(value[i][j] == -1) { judge = false; break; } } } return judge; } public String[] getOperaAndNum(String arrayA) { int p = arrayA.indexOf("("); int q = arrayA.indexOf(")"); String opera = arrayA.substring(0, p); String[] num = arrayA.substring(p + 1, q).split(","); String[] result = new String[5]; result[0] = opera; for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { result[i + 1] = num[i]; } return result; } public void getResult(String[] A) { value = new double[n][m]; ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < m; j++) { value[i][j] = -1; } } for(int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) { String[] arrayA = A[i].split(" "); for(int j = 0; j < arrayA.length; j++) { String strValue = arrayA[j]; if(strValue.charAt(0) >= '0' && strValue.charAt(0) <= '9') { value[i][j] = Double.valueOf(strValue); } else { String[] r = getOperaAndNum(strValue); String opera = r[0]; int x1 = Integer.valueOf(r[1]) - 1; int y1 = Integer.valueOf(r[2]) - 1; int x2 = Integer.valueOf(r[3]) - 1; int y2 = Integer.valueOf(r[4]) - 1; if(!check(x1, y1, x2, y2)) { list.add(i + " " + j + " " + strValue); continue; } if(opera.equals("SUM")) { value[i][j] = getSum(x1, y1, x2, y2); } else if(opera.equals("AVG")) { value[i][j] = getAvg(x1, y1, x2, y2); } else if(opera.equals("STD")) { value[i][j] = getStd(x1, y1, x2, y2); } } } } while(!list.isEmpty()) { for(int i = list.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { String[] temp = list.get(i).split(" "); int a = Integer.valueOf(temp[0]); int b = Integer.valueOf(temp[1]); String[] r = getOperaAndNum(temp[2]); String opera = r[0]; int x1 = Integer.valueOf(r[1]) - 1; int y1 = Integer.valueOf(r[2]) - 1; int x2 = Integer.valueOf(r[3]) - 1; int y2 = Integer.valueOf(r[4]) - 1; if(!check(x1, y1, x2, y2)) { continue; } if(opera.equals("SUM")) { value[a][b] = getSum(x1, y1, x2, y2); } else if(opera.equals("AVG")) { value[a][b] = getAvg(x1, y1, x2, y2); } else if(opera.equals("STD")) { value[a][b] = getStd(x1, y1, x2, y2); } list.remove(i); } } for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < m; j++) { System.out.printf("%.2f", value[i][j]); if(j != m - 1) { System.out.print(" "); } } System.out.println(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Main test = new Main(); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); n = in.nextInt(); m = in.nextInt(); in.nextLine(); String[] A = new String[n]; for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { A[i] = in.nextLine(); } test.getResult(A); }} 转载地址:http://jztyz.baihongyu.com/